TipsAndTriks/Convert to string/floatToString.h

// floatToString.h
//
// Tim Hirzel
// tim@growdown.com
// March 2008
// float to string
//
// If you don't save this as a .h, you will want to remove the default arguments
//     uncomment this first line, and swap it for the next.  I don't think keyword arguments compile in .pde files

//char * floatToString(char * outstr, float value, int places, int minwidth=, bool rightjustify) {
char * floatToString(char * outstr, float value, int places, int minwidth=0, bool rightjustify=false) {
    // this is used to write a float value to string, outstr.  oustr is also the return value.
    int digit;
    float tens = 0.1;
    int tenscount = 0;
    int i;
    float tempfloat = value;
    int c = 0;
    int charcount = 1;
    int extra = 0;
    // make sure we round properly. this could use pow from <math.h>, but doesn't seem worth the import
    // if this rounding step isn't here, the value  54.321 prints as 54.3209

    // calculate rounding term d:   0.5/pow(10,places)
    float d = 0.5;
    if (value < 0)
        d *= -1.0;
    // divide by ten for each decimal place
    for (i = 0; i < places; i++)
        d /= 10.0;
    // this small addition, combined with truncation will round our values properly
    tempfloat +=  d;

    // first get value tens to be the large power of ten less than value
    if (value < 0)
        tempfloat *= -1.0;
    while ((tens * 10.0) <= tempfloat) {
        tens *= 10.0;
        tenscount += 1;
    }

    if (tenscount > 0)
        charcount += tenscount;
    else
        charcount += 1;

    if (value < 0)
        charcount += 1;
    charcount += 1 + places;

    minwidth += 1; // both count the null final character
    if (minwidth > charcount){
        extra = minwidth - charcount;
        charcount = minwidth;
    }

    if (extra > 0 and rightjustify) {
        for (int i = 0; i< extra; i++) {
            outstr[c++] = ' ';
        }
    }

    // write out the negative if needed
    if (value < 0)
        outstr[c++] = '-';

    if (tenscount == 0)
        outstr[c++] = '0';

    for (i=0; i< tenscount; i++) {
        digit = (int) (tempfloat/tens);
        itoa(digit, &outstr[c++], 10);
        tempfloat = tempfloat - ((float)digit * tens);
        tens /= 10.0;
    }

    // if no places after decimal, stop now and return

    // otherwise, write the point and continue on
    if (places > 0)
    outstr[c++] = '.';


    // now write out each decimal place by shifting digits one by one into the ones place and writing the truncated value
    for (i = 0; i < places; i++) {
        tempfloat *= 10.0;
        digit = (int) tempfloat;
        itoa(digit, &outstr[c++], 10);
        // once written, subtract off that digit
        tempfloat = tempfloat - (float) digit;
    }
    if (extra > 0 and not rightjustify) {
        for (int i = 0; i< extra; i++) {
            outstr[c++] = ' ';
        }
    }


    outstr[c++] = '\0';
    return outstr;
}